试探法
Heuristic method
试探法是针对济南音响怀疑部分的电路采用比较、分割、替代、模拟等试探手段，寻找故障所在，然后排除。具体方法如下：
Heuristic method is aimed at Ji'nan sound doubt part of the circuit by comparison, segmentation, substitution, simulation and other means test, to find the fault location, and then eliminate. Specific methods are as follows:
1、比较 找一台与故障机完全相同型号的机器，在专业设备中利用同一台机器的左、右声道部件，测量相对应部分的电压、电阻、电流数量，再加以比较，找到故障所在。
1, compare to find a fault machine with exactly the same type of machine, use the left right channel components, the same machine in the professional equipment, measuring the relative number of voltage, current, resistance should be part of the comparison, then, to find the fault location.
2、分割 将某部分电路与其他部分脱开，接上外加电源，注入信号，进行判断。
2, the segmentation will be a part of the circuit and other parts of disengagement, connected with the external power supply, signal injection, judge.
3、替代 用好的元件替代怀疑元件，或将左、右声道部件对换，尤其对于集成电路块可以这样进行。如果部件对换之后，机器恢复正常，则说明该部件存在问题或损坏。
3, use of alternative component instead of suspected components, or the component on the left, the right channel, especially for the integrated circuit block can be made by. If the components on the machine after, returned to normal, the parts problems or damage.
4、模拟 温度模拟，采用电吹风加热，或用酒精降温，进行温度性能检查，振动模拟是使用细的塑料绝缘棒轻击某些部件，看看电路工作状况，可以发现某些虚焊现象，检查故障所在。这种方法一般由技术熟练者进行，否则，容易出现故障加重现象。
4, simulation of temperature simulation, using the hair dryer heat, or with alcohol cooling, temperature performance check, vibration simulation is the use of thin plastic insulated some parts putter, have a look the circuit working condition, can find some Xuhan phenomenon, check the fault location. This method is generally performed by skilled people, otherwise, prone to failure aggravation.
济南音响静态参数测量法
Ji'nan sound static parameter measuring method
济南音响 http://www.jnzqyx.com/ 静态参数的测量必须持有厂家生产设备的维修手册，注明各个元器件端点静态工作电流、或电压，利用万用表测量电路各个部分的电流、电压或电阻值，看是否与标称值相符合。
Measurement of Ji'nan sound static parameters must hold a factory production equipment repair manual, indicating the various components of endpoint quiescent current, or voltage, using a multimeter measuring circuit of each part of the current, voltage or resistance, compliance with the nominal value.
1、电阻测量
1, resistance measurement
用万用表的欧姆档×100或×1K档，不要使用R×10K档，因为这档上电表内接22.5伏电池，对晶体管测量不合适，容易损坏晶体管。在断电的情况下测量，若有充电电容存在，必须用绝缘的螺丝起锥充分放电后进行。测量线路中电阻必须焊开一端，否则测量不准确。
With 10000 ohm file table * 100 or * 1K file, do not use the R * 10K file, because the meter inscribed the 22.5 volt battery this file, not suitable for a transistor measuring, easy to damage the transistor. Measurement in the case of power failure, if the charging capacitance exists, must use insulation screw cone fully discharge after. Measurement of resistance welding line must be open at one end, or inaccurate measurement.
2、电压测量
2, voltage measurement
在作此测量过程中要考虑万用表内阻对测量值的影响。静态测量值与动态测量值(加入信号时)不相同，这一点应当注意。测量静态时各晶体管管脚，电阻、电容端电压是否与标称值一致，晶体管脚相对电压能判断管子是否损坏。
In making this measurement process must consider the multimeter resistance influence on the measured values. Static measurements and dynamic measurement value (adding signal) is not the same, this must be paid attention to. Each transistor pin measuring static, resistor, capacitor voltage is consistent with the nominal value, the transistor voltage can judge whether the tube feet relative damage.
3、电流测量
3, the current measurement
采用直接测量时，将电流表串入电路中，检查电流大小。采用间接测量时，测量两端电压，用电阻值去除电压值，便得到电流值大小。
By direct measurement, the current list into the circuit, check the current size. By indirect measurement, voltage measurement at both ends, remove voltage value by the resistor values, then get the current value.
除静态参数测量外，还可使用动态检查法，利用信号源和示波器，注入信号直接检查，对电路进行判断。这种方法直接、准确，并且不容易损坏元器件，还可对电路和机械结构进行调整和校对。
In addition to the static parameters measurement, also can use dynamic inspection method, using the signal source and the oscilloscope, signal injection direct examination, to judge circuit. This method is direct, accurate, and not easily damaged components, but also can be adjusted and proofreading on circuit and mechanical structure.